The Reform and Governance of Public Technical and Vocational Education Institutions

Trends towards decentralization, school-based management and increased institutional autonomy can be observed in many public education systems worldwide. Recognizing the potential of technical and vocational education (TVE) to contribute to economic competitiveness, many countries have embarked upon ambitious reforms. Following years of under-funding and relative neglect, these reforms are intended to improve the efficiency, effectiveness, relevance and responsiveness of TVE institutions. This paper reviews the reform of public TVE institutions by charting some of the ways in which governments have attempted to create a supportive environment for decentralization and increased institutional autonomy. It also reviews transformations taking place at the local level. Specific attention is given to changing institutional missions and activities, rationalization through mergers, clusters and networks and emerging patterns of governance and partnerships. Key trends are discussed and some of the implications for the policy process and central authorities are considered. This review identifies gaps in the literature and generates a number of pertinent themes, issues and questions for further research.