posted on 2023-06-09, 05:18authored byMichael H Ramsey
Uncertainty of measurement results is the key metric of environmental data quality, but it is often underestimated by ignoring the contribution from primary sampling. This chapter explains (1) how measurement uncertainty can be estimated in a way that includes all of the steps in the measurement process, including sampling, and (2) how this ‘combined’ uncertainty information can be used both to judge the fitness of the measurements, and allowed for in any decisions that are based upon the measurements.