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A meta-analysis of forest recreation values in Europe
journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-08, 11:06 authored by Marianne Zandersen, Richard TolRichard TolThis paper presents a meta-analysis of forest recreation in Europe based on studies that have applied the travel cost method covering 26 studies in nine countries since 1979. We conduct the meta-regression with an increasing number of variables where level I includes only data available from the studies, level II aggregate socio-economic variables and level III site-specific characteristics such as diversity, fraction of open land and location. Data shows that consumer surplus varies between €0.66 per trip to €112 with a median of €4.52 per trip. Results of the model with the best overall summary indicate that the application of the individual travel cost method, inclusion of opportunity cost of time and average distance travelled lead to increasing benefits whereas the year of the study and estimations from theses and dissertations reduce welfare estimates. Including exogenous variables shows that site attributes, GDP per capita and population density play a significant role.
History
Publication status
- Published
Journal
Journal of Forest EconomicsISSN
1104-6899Publisher
ElsevierExternal DOI
Issue
1-2Volume
15Page range
109-130Department affiliated with
- Economics Publications
Full text available
- No
Peer reviewed?
- Yes
Legacy Posted Date
2012-04-18Usage metrics
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