Put your money where your mouth is! Explaining collective action tendencies through group-based anger and efficacy.

Insights from appraisal theories of emotion are used to integrate elements of theories on collective action. Three experiments with disadvantaged groups systematically manipulated procedural fairness (Study 1), social opinion support (Study 2) and social action support (Study 3), to examine their effects on collective action tendencies through group-based anger and group efficacy. Results of structural equation modeling showed that procedural fairness and social opinion support affected the group-based anger pathway (reflecting emotion-focused coping), whereas social action support affected the group efficacy pathway (reflecting problem-focused coping), constituting two distinct pathways to collective action tendencies. Analyses of the means suggest that collective action tendencies get stronger the more fellow group members b